What does an aircraft mechanic do?
Aircraft mechanics keep planes and helicopters safe to fly. They inspect aircraft on a set schedule, find problems, make repairs and keep detailed records of every job. Aviation has strict rules, and every step must follow FAA regulations and the manufacturer’s procedures.
Much of the work is scheduled maintenance. Mechanics inspect engines, landing gear, brakes, flight controls, fuel systems and the airframe for wear, corrosion and damage. They replace parts, change fluids and test systems. When a pilot reports a problem, mechanics troubleshoot and fix it, often under time pressure so the aircraft can return to service.
Paperwork is a big part of the job. Mechanics record each inspection and repair in maintenance logs. Signing off on work means taking legal responsibility that it was done correctly.
The job suits people who are careful, patient and comfortable following detailed procedures exactly. Shortcuts are not allowed, and every torque value, safety wire and inspection step matters.
Some mechanics work on many systems, while others specialize. Avionics technicians focus on electronics, such as navigation, communication and flight control systems.
Tools of the job include hand and power tools, torque wrenches, borescopes, test equipment, multimeters, hydraulic and pneumatic testers, and digital maintenance manuals.
Aircraft mechanics work for:
- Commercial airlines
- Maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) shops
- Aircraft and engine manufacturers
- Charter, cargo and corporate flight departments
- General aviation shops at local airports
A typical day
- Review work orders and maintenance manuals
- Inspect aircraft and identify problems
- Repair or replace parts and test systems
- Document all work in maintenance records
- Return aircraft to service or hand off to the next shift
Aircraft mechanic pay and job outlook
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, aircraft mechanics and service technicians earn a median of $79,870 a year, or $38.40 an hour. Airline jobs, seniority, overtime and the Inspection Authorization often lead to higher pay.
The BLS counts about 140,000 jobs in this occupation. Employment is projected to grow 5% from 2025 to 2035, with about 11,400 openings each year.
Pros
- Strong pay without a four-year degree.
- The A&P certificate is respected and portable across the country.
- Skilled, important work with high safety standards.
- Airline travel benefits at many carriers.
Cons
- Training is longer and more expensive than many trades.
- Night, weekend and holiday shifts are common, especially early on.
- Work can be outdoors on the flight line in all weather.
- High responsibility and strict rules can make the job stressful.
Training options: school vs. experience
FAA Part 147 school. This is the most common path. Aviation maintenance technician schools are certificated by the FAA under Part 147. Many programs take about 18 months to 2 years, and some lead to an associate degree. Costs vary widely, from about $15,000 at some public colleges to $50,000 or more at some private schools. Graduating makes you eligible to take the FAA tests.
Experience route. You can qualify without a Part 147 school by working under the supervision of certificated mechanics. The FAA requires documented practical experience of at least 18 months for one rating or 30 months for both airframe and powerplant. You must have the FAA approve your eligibility before testing.
Military route. Military aviation maintenance experience can count toward eligibility, as long as it is documented and relevant to the ratings you want.
Some employers and airlines run programs that help pay for A&P school or partner with schools to train future mechanics.
Certification and licensing by state
Aircraft mechanics are certificated by the federal government, not by states. The FAA mechanic certificate works in every state.
To earn the A&P, you must:
- Be at least 18
- Read, write, speak and understand English
- Graduate from a Part 147 school or meet experience requirements
- Pass the General, Airframe and Powerplant knowledge tests
- Pass oral and practical tests with a Designated Mechanic Examiner
Once certificated, you must stay current by doing maintenance work regularly. Holders of the Inspection Authorization must renew it on a set schedule and show ongoing activity.
Specializations and where they lead
- Airline mechanic. Work on large commercial jets for major and regional airlines.
- Avionics technician. Focus on electronics and flight systems. An FCC license can help.
- Engine or component specialist. Overhaul engines, landing gear or other parts in repair stations.
- Inspector or IA holder. Approve major repairs and perform annual inspections.
- Lead mechanic, maintenance manager or quality assurance. Experienced mechanics can lead teams or oversee safety programs.
How to choose an aviation maintenance school
The right school gets you through FAA testing and ready for real aircraft. Ask these questions:
- Is the school FAA-certificated under Part 147? This is required for the school route to A&P testing.
- What are your FAA test pass rates? Ask about written, oral and practical results.
- How much hands-on time will I get on real aircraft and engines? Ask what aircraft and equipment the school has.
- What does tuition include? Ask about tools, books and FAA testing fees.
- How long is the program, and is there a degree option? An associate degree can help with advancement later.
- Does the school partner with airlines or repair stations? These ties often lead to jobs.
- Is the school eligible for financial aid or the GI Bill? Ask about the total cost.
